The entropy of systems

GD, Its not right to mangle these concepts and measuring units that way-its just not right.

Jim,

You are saying there is no such thing as work being performed when a solar system evolves from a cloud of hydrogen gas? W= E final - E initial.

GD, Work requires energy but not the other way around. Work in/work out is related to efficiency and value put on the result by humans. It mangles everything when mixing and matching words with no reguard to meaning. For example, a joule is a unit of energy and work is a measure of efficiency. Where are these two concepts connected? The best connection is something like: work equals energy times some number between zero and one. Beside that work is a four letter word.

Hello Jim,

I am trying to show that a force can be produced by varying the energy level in matter. I am saying this is what gravity is.

The Earth rotates because of this principle and it follows the phased space diagram (varying physical parameters of matter with time) that I posted earlier.

Do you see this?

Gd, All I know about gravity is its a force existing in mass and is very predictable. I don't expect to be able to understand gravity beyond this level. If you want to make a new model of the universe and the force of gravity don't ask me to understand. How much do you now about models now in existance? Maybe you could study them and find insights that would be helpful.

Recently I had a look at some of the definitions of "work":

"<i>Mechanical work is the amount of energy transferred by a force</i>."

GD-Here "energy" has nothing to do with the electrons spinning around the nucleus...

"<i>Work (in joules) is defined as the work done by a force on a mass acting over a distance</i>."

GD-Nothing is motionless in our universe...

"<i>Work can be zero even when there is a force... (example) A book which sits on a table</i>."

GD-I have this example to give you:

a) A book on a table in a classroom.

b) A book floating in zero gravity in a spaceship and a human which wants to hold it down on a table (the table is bolted down to the floor) He applies a force equivalent to the one which holds down the book in the classroom (the human has foot restraints). To keep the book in place with the same force continually for hours, days... would be quite exhausting.

So... in example a) there is no work

..... in example b) there is work

O.K. now I understand.... Or maybe not.

I have a few answers:

1) the book needs to know where the force originated from.
2) a) and b) are not the same.
3) a) and b) should be the same.

(I think its a mix between 2 and 3):
In the classroom, the force of gravity affects all the atoms in the book pretty much evenly (because it's mass is negligible). In space, the force applied would distribute the energy between atoms with varying intensity away from the point of contact.

I could see "work" between atoms: electrons spinning slow to the point where the nucleus is about to come apart, is a less efficient atom than the one where it's electrons are spinning close to light speed.

I could also see "work" in the formation of mountains from the action of plate tectonics.

After all: "force" ,"distance" and "acceleration" are universal concepts.