The entropy of systems

Hi GD and Jim, The Big Bang model states that our Universe was formed from an expansion of space from an infinitely dense singularity [of course these scientists do not tell you where this location that contained the singularity was because it did not exist yet---makes a lot of sense]. All I am saying is that space has always existed period and it is just empty and has no shape and is infinite, there are no boundaries because it is not a substance. Maybe there are local big bangs caused by matter antimatter annihilations, but as far as logic goes the Big Bang model makes zero sense. Now if this local section of visible universe was born from an explosion that would be one thing, however what caused a local big bang? Gravity? What is gravity, dark matter interacting with matter or matter and antimatter repelling each other causing motion? You tell me just how this Big Bang occured? Because, logically it could not have occurred as stated from a singularity if you understand that the emptyness of space goes on forever in all directions. John

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
<br />... By E=FS; F=force; E=energy; S=the total time the force is applied in units of seconds. Force would have units in watts and energy units in joules. The standard linkage is E=FxM where M is distance in meters(not mass)..."
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Hi Jim,

What would you say is the linkage between:

Energy = Force x distance
and
Work = Force x distance ?

Hi GD and Jim, In response to your question GD: "If you agree that galaxies form clusters, and that clusters form super clusters, then what mechanism replenishes the universe with new galaxies?" Great question by the way. I think on very large scales that most of the Universe is space and in comparison there is very little mass circulations. But, even though the Universe is mostly space and the large circulations that do exist of mass are probably far a part they do have influence upon each other both gravitationally and in exchange of energy. What I think is really going on in our local universe is that what is powering the galaxy forming processes is a graviton cycle that begins in reverse time. Otherwise, black holes and rotations would have zero cause to exist if there was not some long distance relationship a gravitational energy that is constantly pouring into mass. Your blobs, nebulaes, all forms of mass are held in place by this higher flow of energy that creates a static field-the downward push of gravity a gravitostatic field-creating the necessary pressures to create spin, transfer momentum, and to begin the mass building processes in galaxies. If we could stand back far enough we would see a dual paired motion, one forward time matter and the other reverse time antimatter constantly moving around each other. One of many small circulations in a gigantic space that went on forever in all directions. So, in answering your question our visible universe is only an arm of a very large mega galactic matter paired motion and galaxies within this arm are slowly moving away from the highest incoming densities of gravitons. Thus, entropy is real in a sense regarding visible matter degenerating back into energy because we are moving away from the source of the hot creational zones. Even though birth processes continue within galactic families just as Halton Arp predicts and we can trace geneologies of whole clusters to a parent galaxy from quasar ejections. None of this would take place if the antimatter cores were not being created by the antimatter induction from streaming gravitons traveling at 20 billion times the speed of light. Newton was correct, gravity is an instantaneous force. So, energy cycles into everything and that is the source for the renewing process of galaxy building in visible universe. John

GD, One statement is correct one is not correct. If E=fd then W=something other than fd because E is not W. How did you get a link here?

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by Jim</i>
<br />GD, One statement is correct one is not correct. If E=fd then W=something other than fd because E is not W. How did you get a link here?
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If I am reading this correctly: 1 joule of work = 1 joule of energy spent (see link below)

hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/work.html

Basically: Work = E final - E initial

But, what is not shown in this equation is, for a given mass: E final is not equal to E initial when work is performed (some of the energy is lost in heat). This is why in all systems entropy increases with time.

This would basically mean that the mass of the sun (or its density) decreases with time as its energy gets depleted: m tends to E causes work + losses.
m tends to E causes forces with distance (or time).
These forces cause acceleration.

What do you think Jim?

<blockquote id="quote"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica" id="quote">quote:<hr height="1" noshade id="quote"><i>Originally posted by cosmicsurfer</i>
<br />...we can trace geneologies of whole clusters to a parent galaxy from quasar ejections...
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John,

Has this been recorded in any way? Are there any pictures of such phenomenon? Where are these galaxies forming: 100,000 LY... or 1 billion LY away?